Stability of chromogenic colour prints in polluted indoor environments

Chromogenic colour prints are known to be sensitive to storage environments. However, limited research is available on the effect of atmospheric pollutants on these materials, especially pollutants generated indoors. The stability of photographic dyes is of particular interest and the rate of their change can be best described using the standard RGB colour model. Therefore, the colourimetric method was compared to dye extraction and liquid chromatographic analysis to justify its use as a rapid, non-destructive method for quantitative assessment of the rate of change in dye content of colour photographs during degradation. The effects of typical indoor (acetic acid, formaldehyde) and outdoor (nitrogen dioxide) generated pollutants on chromogenic colour prints were then investigated at 80 °C, 60% RH. It was identified that acetic acid leads to the most pronounced changes in photographic dye concentrations, which is significant considering that acetic acid is often the most prominent pollutant in archival environments. On the other hand, formaldehyde exhibited a slight protective effect in comparison to the blank experiment.     

黄铁矿在维持高放废物处置库近场还原性环境中的作用

研究了黄铁矿受60Coγ射线辐照后对地下水还原性环境的影响.辐照剂量率为200Gy·min-1,总吸收剂量为5×106Gy.通过分析辐照前后以及与地下水共同辐照后黄铁矿的结构和组成,发现60Co的γ射线可使地下水发生辐解反应,从而将黄铁矿氧化;但无论是直接辐照还是与地下水共同辐照,60Co的γ辐射均不改变黄铁矿的结构.黄铁矿可以消耗地下水辐解产生的氧化性产物,有利于维持处置库近场的还原性环境,提高处置库的安全性.     

激光辐照环境对金属材料反射特性的影响

 利用积分球绝对测量法,对在20 Pa真空缺氧、1 000 Pa空气,10⁵ Pa空气及1 000 Pa氧气环境下,1 064 nm波长连续激光辐照30CrMnSiA碳钢材料过程中的反射光信号进行了测量,得到了30CrMnSiA碳钢在4种辐照环境下的反射率和温度变化曲线。结果表明：在空气组分辐照环境的低压到10⁵ Pa范围内,材料初始反射率随压力增大而增大;在缺氧和富氧环境的激光辐照过程中,缺氧环境下材料反射率变化缓慢,且变化拐点温度高于富氧环境,富氧环境下材料被加热后的快速氧化反应有利于材料对激光能量的吸收;不同辐照环境（缺氧和富氧）相同材料温度条件下,材料反射率并不相同。     

Reputation-based network selection mechanism using game theory

Current and future wireless environments are based on the coexistence of multiple networks supported by various access technologies deployed by different operators. As wireless network deployments increase, their usage is also experiencing a significant growth. In this heterogeneous multi-technology multi-application multi-terminal multi-user environment users will be able to freely connect to any of the available access technologies. Network selection mechanisms will be required in order to keep mobile users “always best connected” anywhere and anytime. In such a heterogeneous environment, game theory techniques can be adopted in order to understand and model competitive or cooperative scenarios between rational decision makers. In this work we propose a theoretical framework for combining reputation-based systems, game theory and network selection mechanism. We define a network reputation factor which reflects the network’s previous behaviour in assuring service guarantees to the user. Using the repeated Prisoner’s Dilemma game, we model the user–network interaction as a cooperative game and we show that by defining incentives for cooperation and disincentives against defecting on service guarantees, repeated interaction sustains cooperation.     

地铁沿线建筑内噪声多维度感受影响机制

随着城市铁路系统的快速发展,铁路沿线建筑内人群对地铁运行产生噪声的抱怨逐渐增多,为控制室内地铁噪声对人群所产生的负面影响,有必要对地铁噪声产生的多维度负面情绪进行评估。采集了79名受试者对建筑内地铁噪声的多维度负面感受(压抑感,不舒适度和不满意度),基于偏最小二乘法分析了主客观影响因素对多维度负面感受的作用机制,并比较了多维度负面感受在反映地铁噪声影响上的差异。结果表明,多维度负面感受主要取决于主观响度和声学参数,活动干扰度、地铁噪声的敏感度、厌烦度和适应性的影响明显更弱;3个多维度负面感受中,相比于压抑感,不舒适度和不满意度受主观响度的影响轻微更显著,在相同的主观响度感受下,不满意度等级最高。 该文可以为地铁沿线建筑物内噪声负面感受的评价和改善提供参考。     

A complex multi-attribute large-group PLS decision-making method in the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy environment

In the complex multi-attribute large-group decision-making (CMALGDM) problems in interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy (IVIF) environment, attributes of the alternatives are often stratified and correlated. This paper proposes a decision-making method for these problems based on partial least squares (PLS) path modelling, which not only fully exploits the decision information of decision makers (DMs), but also effectively addresses the relativity problem in the decision attributes and objectively assigned weights to the primary decision attributes (i.e., “latent variables for decision making”). The method can be outlined in three steps. First, a two-stage method is proposed to transform the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy number (IVIFN) samples into single-valued samples. In this step, an improved C-OWA operator is first given to transform the IVIFN samples into intuitionistic fuzzy number (IFN) samples, which makes the preference information of the DMs more objectively aggregated. Then a proposed membership-based method is applied to reduce the information loss and transform the IFN samples into single-valued samples. Second, the estimated values and weights of the “latent variables for decision-making” are obtained by means of the PLS path modelling algorithm. Finally, a multi-alternative sorting method is devised in accordance with the estimated values and weights. An example is provided to illustrate the proposed technique and evaluate its feasibility and validity.     

Large deviations for hitting times of a random walk in random environment on a strip

We consider a random walk in random environment on a strip, which is transient to the right. The random environment is stationary and ergodic. By the constructed enlarged random environment which was first introduced by Goldsheid （2008）, we obtain the large deviations conditioned on the environment （in the quenched case） for the hitting times of the random walk.     

手性环境中障碍电磁散射问题的积分方程方法

正1引言特殊介质中的电磁散射问题是一个重要的研究课题,是近些年来才开展起来的.此研究中,手性介质的电磁散射问题得到了很多关注.电磁波在手性介质中的传播是由Maxwell方程组和Drude-Born-Fedorov本构方程共同刻画的.手性介质可以由介电常数ε,磁导率μ和手性导纳β来描述.近些年来,关于手性介质中的电磁散射问题已有一些结果.Ammari,Hamdache and Nedelec~[2],Ammari and Nedelec~[3,4]给出了关于Drude-Born-Fedorov模型、表示定理,Drude-Born-Fedorov的     

基于聚类分析和Cobb-Douglas函数的我国人才经济贡献率测算

建立人才环境综合评价指标体系,对指标体系进行因子分析,根据各个主因子得分,通过聚类将中国(除港澳台以外的)31个省(市、自治区)划分为若干类别;对于每一类别,分别构建物质资本、人才资本、一般人力资本等到经济产出之间的改进柯布道格拉斯生产函数模型,得到不同类别地区人才对经济增长的贡献率,进而计算全国人才对经济增长贡献率的总体水平.研究表明:2001-2010年期间,31个地区按照人才环境可分为3类.第一类地区包括北京、上海、天津,人才环境发展水平最高,人才经济贡献率为27.13%;第二类地区包括广东、浙江等东部沿海6个省份,人才环境发展水平居中,人才经济贡献率为24.91%;第三类地区为其余22各省份,人才环境发展水平偏低,人才经济贡献率为18.78%.全国人才经济贡献率总体水平为22.68%.     

半马氏环境连续时间马氏决策过程：平均准则

本文讨论半马氏环境连续时间马氏决策过程中的平均准则．首先讨论了半马氏报酬过程中的逼近问题，进而讨论平均目标函数逼近问题。